Morpho-functional comparisons in Helicobacter pylori – associated chronic atrophic gastritis

Pasechnikov VD, Chukov SZ, Kotelevets SM, Chabannaya TA

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate serum pepsinogen I (PG I) and gastrin-17 (G-17) levels in patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) – associated chronic atrophic gastritis, with reference to endoscopical Kimura-Takemoto’s staging, chromoendoscopical and histological features.
Material and methods: 267 dyspeptic H. pylori-infected patients were examined by chromoendoscopy with biopsy sampling according to the Sydney System and according to Kimura-Takemoto’s scale. Simultaneous assessment of serum pepsinogen I (PG I) and gastrin-17 (G-17) levels by enzyme immunoassay was performed. The serologic and morphologic results were compared with correlation analysis.
Results: There was strong reverse correlation between the stomach mucosal atrophy (antral part or corpus) and the proper serologic markers (respectively, G-17 or PG I) in H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis when gastric biopsies taken according to the Sydney System were assessed. The use of Kimura-Takemoto’s scale has revealed the decrease of serum PG I levels only at O-2 and O-3 grades of the corpus mucosa atrophy. Probably, these results reflects the development of functional failure of the stomach corpus mucosa at late stages of atrophy when its compensatory capacity becomes insufficient. There were not any advantages in sampling biopsies for the detecting of intestinal metaplasia (IM) by the Sydney System, or by Kimura-Takemoto’s scheme. The obvious concordance between histologically proven extent of IM and the number of IM foci detected by chromoendoscopy has been revealed.
Conclusions: The biopsy sampling for the diagnosis of precancerous changes of the stomach mucosa after non-invasive screening of atrophic gastritis (e.g., by means of EIA) should be based preferably on the visual signs acquired via chromoendoscopy than through routine endoscopy, independently of the scheme of examination of stomach mucosa, either according to the Sydney System, or to the Kimura-Takemoto’s scale. 

Key words: 	Helicobacter pylori, pepsinogen I, gastrin-17, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, chromoendoscopy